Steam-turbine.



No. 76l226.

PATENTED MAY 3l, 1904.`

ZSHEETS-SHEET 1l N0 MODEL.

- wnNEssEs:

PATENTBD MAY 31, 1904.

P. J. HEDLUVND.

STEAM TURBNE. APPLIoATIoN FILED MAR. 30.41903.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

N0 MODEL.

INVENTOR l @Mb QN |1 w.. @N I m Nw.. -Sw Y f. Q1 -\.QN f P w f. NT .Il.xbm L HV .fw ,m f w M UNITED STATES Patented May 31, 1904.

PATENT FEICE.

j .PERJOHAN HEDLUND, OE STOCKHOLM, SWEDEN.`

STEAM-TUBBINE.

SPECIFICATIN lforming part of Letters Patent No. 761,226, dated May 31,1904.

Application filed March 30, 1903- To all w/wm 7125 mfr/,7; concern:

Be it known that I, PER JOHAN HEDLUND, of

Stockholm, Sweden, have invented a new and useful Improvement inySteam-,Iurbines, of

which the following-is a specification.

The invention relates to an elastic-huid tursame shaft.

rIhe invention consists, first, in the supporting of the entire turbineupon projections eX- tending from its ends or heads, so that the casingmay'yield downward under the weight of the parts coincidently with theshaft, and thus unequal wear of the joints between casing and shaft andpossible leakage at 'A such joints is prevented. .Y

rIhe invention further consists in the construction of the wheeland alsoin the mode of .attaching thereto the'buckets, as hereinafter moreparticularly pointed out.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure l is a side elevation of a'compoundsteam-turbine with the casing-wall broken away to show the internalconstruction. Fig. 2 is an enlarged partial section on the linew @cofFig. 3, showing the construction of the wheel-hub and of the buckets'.Fig. 3 `is an enlarged detail cross-sectionvon the line g/ y of Fig. 2.Y

Similar numbers of reference .indicate like parts.

vrIlhe general construction of the compound steam-turbine. embodying mypresent improvements is the same'as is set forth in Leti ters Patent No.717, 87 5, granted to Tore G. E. -Lindmark January 6, 1903.v

l is the casing, here shown as constructed in a number of sectionsunited by the bolts 2.

Through said casing extends the wheel-shaft 3, the said shaft passingloosely through the cylindrical projections 44 on the casing-heads 5 6.The heads are each divided horizontally into two sections, so that onehalf of each pro' jection 4 is on the upper half-section and the otherhalf on the lower half-section of each head. The projections 4 arereceived in cylindrical bearings 7 on the inner sides of the standards8, in which standards the shaft 3 is journaled. The upperhalves of thebearings are removable. The lower half projection on serial No. 150.253.(No model.)

head 6 has a flange 9, which'enters a correl is not supportedl anywhereexcept by theprojections 4 at the ends and is raised clear of the iiooror ground beneath it. I lindthat when the casingissupported fromabed-plate integral with the standards 8 or rests directly on the groundthen the shaft under the weight of the wheels is apt to sag downwardlyin the casing, which is prevented from similar yielding. VThe result isthat it becomes diflicult to keep the joints around the shaftsteam-tight and to avoid unequal wear. On the other hand, when thecasing is supported at its ends in the same way as the shaft both casingand shaft yield equally and the difficulty is overcome.y Y i Internallythe casing l is'divided into chambers A VB C, &c., in each of which is acharnber a c c, &c., for the reception of the wheels I II III. Thewheel-chambers a &c., veach communicates with its surrounding chamber AB, &c., by means of the Haring passage d, the purpose and effect ofwhich is fully set forth in the aforesaid Lindmark patent.

The working iuid is rst led into the wheel I through the centralaperture thereof and then passes circumferenti ally from said wheel tothe passage d, and so to the chamber A. After traversing wheel II andassociated passage d it goes to chamber B, and so on through all of thewheels successively to the exhaust, which may be at D. The wheels,chambers, and passages vare made of gradually-increasing area to allowof expansion ofv the steam, and the combined eect of all of the wheelsis of course -exerted upon the shaft 3.

The shaft 3 is of6 stepped form and tapers preferably from the center tothe ends. The wheel-hubs l1 are internally tapered to iit upon 'theparts of' thefs'haft of corresponding diameter and are driven upon s'aidparts, so that they become tightlj7 held thereon.

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In Fig. 1 I show but one wheel on each tapered section;` but it will beunderstood that I may'apply to each section several wheels by makingsaid sections of suitable length. The construction of the shaft intapered sections and of the wheel-hubs to fit on said sections providesa very strong and firm mode of securing said wheel-hubs on the shaft.

The construction of the wheel, which is illustrated in Figs. 2 and 3, isas follows: One head 13 of the wheel is formedintegral with the hub 11and is provided with a flange 14 to receive the wall 15 of itsreceiving-chamber a. The other head of Wheel 16 is flanged at 17 andbetween the flange and the hub is inserted a double-rimmed spider 18,one rim, 19, of which bears uponthe hub 11, and the other rim, 20, comesbeneath the flange 17. In this way the' head 16 is supported from thehub,

while inlet of steam to the wheel is permitted through the openings 21between the spiderarms 22. The head 16 may also be connected to the head13 by riveted studs 23. The circumferential edges of the heads 13 and 16are bent inwardly, so as to produce the contracted steam -escape opening24. All around the wheel and in this opening are placed the buckets 25,which are secured therein in the following manner: On the inner faces ofheads 16 and 13 are milled straight recesses 26, which are adapted toreceive the longitudinal edges of the buckets 25. The recesses 26 aresuitably inclined in order to give the buckets the desired inclination.At the inner ends of the buckets are formed eyes, through which pass`the rivets 27, these rivets being set u'p at their ends in the heads 1613. In placing a bucket inthe wheel it is rst inserted at its edge ,intoa recess in head 13, and then the opposite head 16 isapplied so as tobring the outer or free edge of the bucket into the recess of that head,and then the rivet is thrust through 'the openings in the two heads andalso through the eye in the end of the bucket, which comes between saidopenings, after which the rivet is secured as already stated.

y I claim- 1. A turbine-wheel, a stationary casing therefor,centrally-disposed projections on opposite sides of said casing, a shaftcarrying said wheel and extending through said projections, fixedstandards receiving said projections, and half-flanges on saidprojections received in said standards.

2. In a compound elastic-fluid turbine, a cylindrical casing,centrally-disposed projections on the ends thereof', fixed standardsreceiving said projections, a shaft extending through said projectionsand journaled in said standards and a plurality of wheels on said Shaft.

3. In a compound elastic-fluid turbine, in

combination with a cylindrical casing centrally-disposed projections onthe'ends thereof, a shaft extending through said projections' and aplurality of wheels on said shaft, two fixed standards provided withcylindrical recesses to receive said projections and journalbearings forsaid shaft.v

4. In a compound elastic-fluid turbine, a shaft having a plurality oftapering steps and wheels having hubs internally formed to fit tightlyon said steps.

5. In a compound elastic-fluid turbine, a shaft having a plurality oftapering steps of progressively-increasing diameters and wheels havinghubs internally formed to fit tightly on said steps.

6. In a compound elastic-fluid turbine, a shaft having a plurality oftapering steps of progressively-increasing diameters from the ends ofthe shaft to the middle thereof and wheels having hubs internally formedto fit tightly on said steps.

7. In an outward-flow elastic-fluid turbine,

4a hub, a wheel-head supported thereon, a

spider on said hub, an annular wheel-head inclosing said spideraud meansfor connecting said wheel-heads.

8. In an outward-flow elastic-fluid turbine, a hub, a wheel-headintegral therewith, a spider on said hub, an annular Wheel-head havingan internal flange, the said flange inclosing the said spider and meansfor connecting said Wheel-heads.

9. In an elastic-fluid turbine, two wheelheads each having a recess atits circumference and on its inner side, a bucket disposedy between saidheads and having its edges in said recess and provided at its inner endwith an eye, and a securing-bolt for said bucket passing through'saidwheel-heads and said bucket-eye.

10. In an elastic-fluid turbine, two wheelheadshaving theircircumferential edges inwardly inclined to form a contracted annularescape-opening and provided with recesses having straight radial wallsformed on theinner sides of said contracted portions, a bucket disposedbetween said heads and having its edges in said recesses and provided atits inner end with an eye, and a securing-bolt for said bucket passingthrough said wheel-heads and said eye.

11. In combination with a turbine-wheel, anon-rotating cylindricalcasing and supports therefor located only at the ends thereof; the saidsupports and said casing being coaxial.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name yto this specification in thepresence of two subscribing witnesses.

PER JOHAN HEDLUND. Witnesses:

I. A. VAN WART, WM. H. SIEGMAN.

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